Exposition: beginning
of a story that sets forth facts, ideas, and/or characters, in a detailed
explanation.
Ex: Earlier, I alluded briefly to Dennis 's integration of
his theory of verdict legitimacy with his exposition of the rules of evidence.
Expressionism:
movement in art, literature, and music consisting of unrealistic representation of an inner idea or
feeling(s).
Ex: Dance is a form of expressionism.
Fable: a short,
simple story, usually with animals as characters, designed to teach a moral
truth.
Ex: All this appears in the ritual in the form of a story or
fable, called an allegory.
Fallacy: from Latin
word “to deceive”, a false or misleading notion, belief, or argument; any kind
of erroneous reasoning that makes arguments unsound.
Ex: It is also both bad manners and the ad hominem fallacy
to impugn the honesty of a critic to avoid his arguments.
Falling Action: part
of the narrative or drama after the climax.
Ex: The falling action is always one of the more interesting
parts of the storyline because you get to see how everything panned out after
the climax.
Farce: a boisterous
comedy involving ludicrous action and dialogue.
Ex: The farce get more anarchic with every turn of the plot.
Figurative Language:
apt and imaginative language characterized by figures of speech
Ex: An example of figurative language is when Paula says to
the singer that they sounded like Beyoncé.
Flashback: a narrative
device that flashes back to prior events.
Ex: Before I passed out, I had a flashback of my time in the
Great Alps.
Foil: a person or
thing that, by contrast, makes another seem better or more prominent.
Ex: In other places the piano provides a foil to the
bassoon, with sparkling arpeggios in a high register.
Folk Tale: story passed on by word of mouth.
Ex: My great grandmother had a million folk tales she would
tell me that she remembered from her mother’s bedtime stories she’d tell at
night.
Foreshadowing: in
fiction and drama, a device to prepare the reader for the outcome of the
action; “planning” to make the outcome convincing, though not to give it away
Ex: Well, now I know that she will die in the end because
that event in the movie is obviously being used as a literary device;
foreshadowing.
Free Verse: verse
without conventional metrical pattern, with irregular pattern or no rhyme.
Ex: Walt Whitman’s “I’d dream in a dream” uses free verse.
Genre: a category or
class of artistic endeavor having a particular form, technique, or content.
Ex: My favorite genre of music is country.
Gothic Tale: a style
in literature characterized by gloomy settings, violent or grotesque action,
and a mood of decay, degeneration, and decadence.
Ex: My favorite mystery books are often gothic tales.
Hyperbole: an
exaggerated statement often used as a figure of speech or to prove a point.
Ex: Don’t be scared. The world won’t collapse. They were
just using that hyperbole to scare you.
Imagery: figures of
speech or vivid description, conveying images through any of the senses.
Ex: Imagery consists of the five senses and is used in every
book in the world.
Implication: a
meaning or understanding that is to be arrive at by the reader but that is not
fully and explicitly stated by the author.
Ex: His text message is an implication that he wants a
burger over a taco.
Incongruity: the
deliberate joining of opposites or of elements that are not appropriate to each
other.
Ex: Nothing is the same. It’s so incongruent and so,
therefore, we will never agree.
Inference: a
judgement or conclusion based on evidence presented; the forming of an opinion
which possesses some degree of probability according to facts already
available.
Ex: From my inference, I know that he is the killer.
Irony: a contrast or
incongruity between what is said and what is meant, or what is expected to
happen and what actually happens, or what is thought to be happening and what
is actually happening.
Ex: Wow! It’s ironic to see you here.
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